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| 回归保障功能：农民耕地抛荒行为的一种解释 |
| Return to the security function: an explanation for peasants" land abandonment——Based on a case study of T village in G City, Hubei |
| 投稿时间：2023-08-18 修订日期：2024-02-19 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 耕地抛荒 社会保障理性 集体统一经营路径 |
| 英文关键词: abandonment of arable land social security rationality Collective unified operation path |
| 基金项目:国家社科基金重点项目“健全家户治理功能与新时代乡村治理体系完善研究”(22AZZ007) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 耕地对于农民而言具有社会保障功能。基于农民理性和社会化小农理论，提炼形成“社会保障理性”分析框架，用以解释耕地抛荒成因，进而提出治理耕地抛荒的“集体统一经营路径”。研究认为，在社会保障理性下，外出务工的农民将耕地经营视为“最后的救济与保障”，更重视流转的安全性而非流转收入，因而宁肯抛荒也不轻易将耕地流转给村外人；退出劳务市场的农民则将耕地经营视为“稳定的保障性收入来源”，并不大规模流转他人耕地以规模化经营，由此导致耕地抛荒面积远大于流转面积，耕地抛荒现象持续加剧。由村集体负责对抛荒耕地进行统一经营不仅能够保障耕地流转安全，同时又能以规模化种植优势使农户获得高于市场流转收入的入股分红，且为农民提供具有更高社会保障水平的稳定务工机会。“集体统一经营路径”契合农民的社会保障理性，是治理耕地抛荒的一种有效途径。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In the new journey of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way, cultivated land has the function of social security for peasants. Based on the research on farmers" rationality and socialized small-scale farmers, this study forms an analytical framework of "social security rationality for farmers", explains the causes of large-scale abandonment of cultivated land, and puts forward the "collective unified management path" of cultivated land abandonment. The study believes that under the rationality of social security, farmers who go out to work regard farmland as "last relief and security", and care more about the safety of circulation than circulation income, so they prefer to abandon the wasteland rather than transfer it to people outside the village. Farmers who have withdrawn from the labor market regard cultivated land as a "stable source of guaranteed income" and do not transfer a large amount of cultivated land abandoned by others for large-scale operation, and as a result, a large amount of cultivated land in rural areas is abandoned. The collective and unified management of cultivated land can ensure the safety of cultivated land circulation, and use the advantages of large-scale planting to allow farmers to obtain equity dividends higher than market circulation income, and provide farmers with stable employment opportunities to obtain higher social security levels. This is in line with the social security rationality of farmers, and the large-scale abandonment of cultivated land has been effectively managed. |
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