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| 乡村治理、社会资本与农村收入差距 |
| Rural Governance, Social Capital and Rural Income Disparity |
| 投稿时间：2022-08-02 修订日期：2023-02-08 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 乡村治理 收入差距 社会资本 IPWRA模型 |
| 英文关键词: rural governance income disparity social capital IPWRA model |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学基金重大项目“乡村振兴与深化农村土地制度改革”（19ZDA115）；国家社会科学基金青年项目“乡村振兴背景下小农户对接电商市场的机制与路径研究”（22CGL027）；广东省哲学社会科学规划项目“广东新型农村集体经济助力共同富裕的实践探索与启示”（GD22TW06-10）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 缩小内部收入差距是实现农村共同富裕的必然要求。利用2014-2018年多期中国家庭追踪调查构成的面板数据样本，探究乡村治理改善对农村内部收入差距的影响。结果发现：乡村治理改善可以显著缓解农村内部收入不平等，且这一基本结论在使用工具变量和双稳健的IPWRA模型估计后依然成立。基于不同收入来源结构，乡村治理改善有利于缩小农村的工资性和转移性收入差距；乡村治理改善具有“益贫性”的特点，在缩小中低收入群体收入差距和扩大中等收入群体规模等方面发挥着关键性作用。此外，社会资本的嵌入能有效提升乡村治理效能，而且结构性社会资本和认知性社会资本对乡村治理改善助力农村内部收入差距缩小具有协同效应；异质性方面，乡村治理改善对中西部地区、非农型以及高人力资本农村家庭的内部收入差距产生更为显著的缓解效应。可见，加快推进乡村治理体系与治理能力现代化，提升乡村治理效能，是缩小农村内部收入差距的关键所在。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Narrowing the internal income gap is a necessary requirement for achieving common prosperity in rural areas. Using a panel data sample consisting of multiple periods of the China Household Tracking Survey from 2014-2018, the impact of rural governance improvements on intra-rural income disparity is explored. The results find that rural governance improvements can significantly alleviate intra-rural income inequality, and this basic finding still holds when estimated using instrumental variables and a bistable IPWRA model. Based on the structure of different income sources, improved rural governance is conducive to reducing the gap between wage and transfer income in rural areas; it is "pro-poor" in nature and plays a key role in reducing the income gap between low and middle income groups and increasing the size of the middle income group. In addition, the embedding of social capital can effectively enhance the effectiveness of rural governance, and structural social capital and cognitive social capital have synergistic effects on the reduction of intra-rural income disparity through improved rural governance; in terms of heterogeneity, improved rural governance has a more significant effect on alleviating intra-rural income disparity in central and western regions, non-farm types and rural households with high human capital. It can be seen that accelerating the modernisation of the rural governance system and governance capacity and improving the effectiveness of rural governance are the keys to narrowing the internal income gap in rural areas. |
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