文章摘要

赋权和自我独立:中国老年社会工作的目标、策略及其政策反思

Empowerment and Self-independence: Goals, Paths and Policy Options of Geriatric Social Work in China

DOI：

英文关键词: Empowerment Self-independence Geriatric social work

基金项目:上海市哲学社科基金项目“基于多主体模拟的上海养老服务资源空间优化配置研究”(2017BGL002);国家社科基金项目“养老保险双轨制改革评估及其法制化对策研究”(16CFX064)。

作者	单位
朱浩	华东政法大学政治学与公共管理学院

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中文摘要:

随着我国家庭功能的衰退以及老龄化程度的不断加剧,发展社会化养老服务体系成为共识,但其目标是提高老年人的自立程度,还是培养他们对社会的依赖,存在争议。基于西方老年社会工作以及中国本土情境,从照顾管理走向参与、赋权正成为一种发展趋势,如何通过个体、团体、组织和社区赋权,尽可能实现老年人的自我独立成为老年社会工作的终极目标。这要求对当下老年社会工作的政策实践进行持续反思,在肯定政府责任的基础上,积极倡导“自我独立”的价值目标,并将赋权作为一种基本理论方法,不断改变老年人认知和老化态度,推动老年人与环境的良好互动,以尽可能的通过自身能力、家庭网络或制度化辅助来实现“自我独立”。

英文摘要:

With the decline of family function and increasing degree of aging in China, it has become a consensus to develop a social service system for the elderly. However, it is often controversial whether the goal is to improve the independence of the elderly or to foster their dependence on society. Based on the social work for the elderly in the West and the local situation in China, it is becoming a trend from care management to participation and empowerment. How to empower the elderly as far as possible through individuals, groups, organizations and communities to realize their self-independence has become the ultimate goal of geriatric social work. This requires continuous reflection on current policy practice of social work for the elderly, which requires us to rethink profoundly the current policy practice. We need actively to advocate the value goal of “self-independence” on the basis of affirming the responsibility of the government, meantime, we need to take empowerment as a basic theoretical method, constantly change the cognitive and aging attitudes of the elderly, and promote a good interaction between the elderly and the environment, so as to achieve “ self-independence” through its own ability, family network or institutionalized assistances.

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