|
| 转基因食品安全性的法律思辨与价值取向 |
| Legal Debate and Value Orientation on the Safety of GM Foods |
| 投稿时间：2015-06-16 修订日期：2016-01-14 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 无害推定 有害推定 转基因食品 安全性 |
| 英文关键词: Innocent until Proven Guilty, Guilty until Proven Innocent, GM foods, Safety |
| 基金项目:国家哲学与社会科学基金重点项目 |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 1915 |
| 全文下载次数: 649 |
| 中文摘要: |
| “无罪推定”和“有罪推定”不仅是刑事诉讼中的程序法原则，也是人们常见的习惯思维倾向。从逻辑理性角度讲，“有罪推定”和“无罪推定”都是论证上诉诸无知的谬误，两者所蕴含的论证思路是通过强调对方缺乏证据来证明自己观点的绝对成立，因而都不符合形式逻辑规律。转基因食品自问世以来，人们对于它的安全性争论就一直没有间断。赞成者和反对者都没有充分的证据让对方接受自己的观点。就像“无罪推定”和“有罪推定”辩论一样，转基因食品应该被“无害推定”还是“有害推定”，这同样取决于我们的价值理性。中国作为一个人口大国，无论是从科技创新，还是粮食安全角度讲，都不能放弃转基因技术的研究，而任何技术只有在实际运用中才能检验其价值，才能进一步完善。因此，作为认识论上的一种妥协，我们对待转基因食品应该采取“无害推定”的价值取向。只有这样，我们才有可能对转基因技术有进一步了解，也才有可能进一步接近事实的真相。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The concepts of “Guilty until Proven Innocent” and “Innocent until Proven Guilty” are not only the principles adopted in the criminal procedure, but also the tendency of thought for many people. From the view of logic reasoning, “Guilty until Proven Innocent” or “Innocent until Proven Guilty” are both the fallacy due to the resort to the unknown in proof demonstration, aiming at proving one’s point absolutely right by pointing out the lack of evidence in that of the other. Therefore, they are not in conformity with the rules of formal logic. Since the GM foods appeared, the debate on their safety has never ceased. Both the pros and the cons fail to persuade the others to accept their arguments. As a blind spot of epistemology, whether the GM foods should be taken as “Guilty until Proven Innocent” or “Innocent until Proven Guilty”, it depends on our value rationality. As the most populated country, China should not give up the research on GMO from both the viewpoints of technological innovation and food safety. Nevertheless, only adopted in practice, can any new technology be estimated its value and improved eventually. Given this, China should take the view of “Innocent until Proven Guilty” towards GM foods. Only through this way, can we have a better understanding about GM foods and approach further to the truth. |
|
查看全文
查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
|
|
|
