文章摘要

略论中国的养老模式

Reflection on the Patterns of Old-aged Care in China

投稿时间：2014-10-31 修订日期：2014-10-31

DOI：

英文关键词: nature of old-aged care patterns of old-aged care everyday life generational relationship

基金项目:本文系亚洲开发银行项目: Promoting Market Innovation in Developing Society Infrastructure: Old Age-Ca-ring(TA 7949-PRC)的部分研究成果。

作者	单位	E-mail
卢德平^*	北京师范大学哲学与社会学院“价值与民族精神冶985 平台研究员,北京语言大学当代中国研究所教授	depinglu_sociology@bnu.edu.cn

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中文摘要:

养老就其实质而言是一种日常生活状态。不能认为养老是和其他生活形态完全割裂的一种崭新的生活方式,更不是一种纯粹的照料方式。养老模式实际上属于养老方式类型化的问题。家庭养老模式、居家社区养老模式、机构养老模式三种基本养老模式之间存在着内在的关联性,应体现老年人日常生活的连续性。中国目前,以及今后相当长的时间内,家庭养老仍将是养老的主导模式,也只有在家庭内,养老作为老年人日常生活的一种方式,其最基本的特性,即日常性,才能获得圆满实现。其他各种养老模式,都应视为在延续老年人日常生活方式的基础上为满足老年人不同阶段的需求所做的倾斜性安排。中国的养老除了经济要素外,更需要考虑到中国的传统文化和社会结构方面的特点,其中以互助、共济的代际关系构成养老的基础性条件。

英文摘要:

Old-aged care is in nature an embodiment of everyday life. Nonetheless, it would be little legitimate to treat the old-aged care as a radically new pattern of everyday life by virtue of severing this life phase from other forms of everyday life. Old-aged care pattern in fact is to categorize diverse old-aged care ways in a theoretical manner. The three typical patterns of old-aged care in China, respectively as family care, family-community care, and institutional care, are interrelated internally, and ought to correspond as a whole to the continuum of everyday life for old aged people. In our opinion, family care is to be the dominant pattern of old-aged care in China both at present and in future. Only in family, could a form of everyday life, the essential characteristic of old-aged care, consummate itself. Other patterns of old-aged care should be taken account of in a manner of biased arrangement for continuing old-aged people’s everyday life. Besides economic factor, some dimensions of traditional culture and social structure also need to be taken account of in examining the problems concerning with old-aged care in China. Help and rescue in a mutual way between generations in Chinese society serve as basic elements of this culture and society.

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