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| 中国村落的历史变迁及其当下命运 |
| The Historical Evolution and Current Fortune of Chinese Village |
| 投稿时间：2014-07-16 修订日期：2014-10-23 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 村落 共同体 国家 市场 转型 |
| 英文关键词: Village Community Nation Market Transformation |
| 基金项目:本文得到中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“中部地区农村社会管理问题研究”(编号：2012RW003)、北京郑杭生社会发展基金会.杭州国际城市学研究中心学子项目“城乡一体化进程中村落共同体的转型研究”(编号：13ZHFD04)、湖北省社会科学“农民城镇化与村落共同体的转型”(编号：2013175)、“城乡一体化进程中农民集中居住与村落熟人社会的变迁研究”(编号：2012205)的资助。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 村落因满足农户的生产生活需要而产生。在家户制传统下，中国传统村落的自主性相对较低，但实质仍是共同体，形成了“国家—士绅—村落”三者互构的治理模式。自晚清现代性转型以来，村落先后经受了国家和市场力量的冲击，但并未解体，这从经验层面说明了村落共同体的功能不可替代。由此，虽然当前国家和市场对农民的影响日趋增大，但这并不意味着村落的终结，而是实现转型，从传统封闭自律的生产生活共同体走向现代开放自为的社会生活共同体。为规避市场对村落的僭越，国家理应承担保护责任，但村落的未来仍取决于农民的主体实践。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The generation of villages is to meet the farmers’ production and living needs. Under the tradition of household system, the essence of Chinese traditional village was still the community though with relatively low independence, and it has formed a mutual-construction governance structure among "nation - gentry - village”. Since the modern transformation of the late Qing Dynasty, the village did not collapse with the impact of the country, market forces, so it just demonstrated the irreplaceable function of village community in experience level. Thus, although in current the influence of nation and market increase day by day, it does not mean the end of the village, but transformation which from self-enclosed production and living community to modern social life community. In order to avoid being arrogated by market, the state should bear the responsibility to protect village, but the village future still depends on the farmers’ action. |
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