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| 政治机会结构与农民环境抗争——苏北N村铅中毒事件的个案研究 |
| Political Opportunity Structure and Rural People’s Environmental Protest——A Case Study of Lead Poisoning in N Village of North Jiangsu Province |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 政治机会结构 结构性机会 象征性机会 环境抗争 铅中毒事件 |
| 英文关键词: Political opportunity structure Structural opportunity Signal opportunity Environmental protest Lead poisoning case |
| 基金项目:本文是教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“农民环境维权问题研究”（09YJC840037）、江苏省社会科学基金青年项目“环境污染与农民环境利益诉求研究”（09SHC010）的阶段性成果。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 政治机会结构理论关注那些没有多少政治权力的群体在缺乏传统的政治资源时为何能获得一定的博弈能力。苏北N村铅中毒事件中，村民环境维权的政治机会分为两个部分，一是“结构性机会”，包括选举与“乡政村治”、环境诉讼、寻求专家学者和民间环境组织帮助、信访等，这些结构空间发挥的作用不大。与此相比，相对开放的媒体对于事件的解决起了关键性作用，这种状况反映了当前中国农民环境抗争的政治机会结构存在严重缺陷；二是“象征性机会”，包括中央对“三农”问题的重视和对环保问题的强调、中央政府与基层政府之间的张力，以及农民维权被镇压的危险明显减少等。象征性机会通过影响农民的主观感知和心态而对他们的策略选择产生间接影响。在不同情境中，“政治机会格局”可能对媒体的实际作用产生重要影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The theory of political opportunity structure or POS focuses on why the group lacking traditional political sources can gain some ability to play games. In the lead poisoning case of N village, political opportunities in the process of environmental protest of the villagers consists of two parts, one is “structural political opportunity” which includes election and autonomy of villagers, environmental lawsuit, resorting to the help of experts and scholars and environmental NGO. These structural opportunities had little effect on the resolving of the problem. To the contrary, the intervention of media played a central role in helping the villagers to force polluting company to move. This status shows the deficiency of POS of rural people’s environmental protest. The other is “signal opportunity” which includes the emphasis by the central authority on rural areas and environmental protection, the strain between central and local government and the obvious decreasing of repression. “Signal opportunities” influence the villagers’ strategy selection by influencing their perception and psychology. “Configurations of political opportunities” may influence the real effect of media in particular protest situation. |
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