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| 村规民约视角下的农地制度: 文本解读 |
| Study on the Agricultural Land System from the Perspectiveof the Village Rules: Text Interpretation |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 村规民约 土地制度 土地集体所有制 国家法 |
| 英文关键词: The village rules The land system The land collective ownership State laws |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 671 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 文章考察和分析了村规民约中土地制度的主要内容、呈现的主要特点、存在的主要问题以
及对农地制度变迁的可能启示。研究发现，村规民约中的土地制度呈现强化村庄集体对土地的权利、土
地制度与村庄其他制度交织和镶嵌在一起、既遵守又规避国家的法律法规等三个特点。研究认为，我们
对土地集体所有制以及这一制度形塑下的小农体系的意义和作用的认识还比较有限，现在如果盲目取
消和抛弃这一制度，是否能得到好处是未知的，而坏处已经产生了; 在制度环境发生变化的条件下，村民
委员会的角色冲突已不是问题的关键，而集体缺乏经济基础以及村庄内部土地分配不公平已成为主要
矛盾; 当作为习惯法的村规民约与国家法相冲突时，不能公式化地强调以国家法同化习惯法，而应当寻
求两者之间的相互妥协和合作。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The paper analysis the main contents，features and problems of the land system in village rules and its possible
enlightenment to the changes of agricultural land system． It is found that the land system in village rules show three main
features ， they are to strengthen the land rights of village collective，interweave the land system with other village systems
and comply with and avoid state laws． It is concluded: ( 1) our understanding is still limited to the land collective ownership
and the meaning and function of being shaped small-scale farmers system by the system，therefore the benefit is unknown
and the harm has been produced if we blindly cancel and abandon the system; ( 2) the role conflict of village committee's
has not the key of the problem and they have become the main contradiction that the village collectives lack economic base
and the land distribution is unfair under the conditions of having changed in the institutional environment; ( 3) it is not formulaic
emphasized that state laws assimilate customary laws and should seek compromise between state laws and customary
laws when the village rules as customary laws conflict state laws |
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