文章摘要

新生代农民工: 生活在城市的推拉之间

New Generation of Migrant Workers:Living in City Between the Push and Pull

DOI：

英文关键词: New generation of migrant workers Push and pull theory Urbanization

基金项目:本文系国家社科基金项目“新生代农民工创业与城市适应研究”的阶段性成果，项目编号: 11BSH016。

作者	单位
郭星华	中国人民大学社会学理论与方法研究中心教授、博士生导师
王嘉思	中国人民大学社会学系硕士研究生

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中文摘要:

文章尝试使用人口迁移的“推拉理论”作为分析框架，对新生代农民工这个巨大的人口迁移流进行解释。与第一代农民工相比，农村给予新生代农民工的“推力”依旧、“拉力”却越来越小; 而城市给予他们的“拉力”和“推力”相比第一代农民工更大。在此基础上，我们提出“推拉”因素之中有一部分制度性因素是不合理的。户籍制度及城乡歧视造成的“推力”过大、资源过度集中于大城市导致“拉力” 过大。要从根本上解决农民工的问题，我们提出两条思路，一方面，城乡户籍限制的放开是根本途径，但先决条件是解决大城市“拉力”过大的问题; 另一方面，大城市的“人口退出机制”亟待建立。

英文摘要:

This article attempts to use“push and pull theory”as an analytical framework to explain the huge flow of new generation of migrant workers． Compared with the first generation of migrant workers，rural area still give the new generation the“push”power but the“pull”power is getting smaller and smaller; the city give the new generation both more and more“pull”and“push”more than the first generation of migrant workers． On this basis，we propose the institutional factor among the“push and pull”causes is unreasonable． Urban and rural household registration system and the discrimination cause too much“push”，and the excessive concentration of resources in large cities led to too much“pull”as well． To fundamentally solve the problems of migrant workers，we propose two solutions: on the one hand，liberalization of restrictions on rural-urban residence is a fundamental way，but the prerequisite is to solve the problem of the huge city about the too much“pull”; on the other hand，the“population exit mechanism”of the huge city is urgently needed．

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