文章摘要

“关系”的韧性及其新运作空间: 对新近“关系”研究的批判

The Resil ience of Guanxi and Its New Deployments :A Critique of Some New Guanxi Scholarship

DOI：

中文关键词: 关系运作适应

基金项目:

作者	单位
杨美惠	澳大利亚悉尼大学亚洲研究系主任, 教授, 悉尼大学孔子学院院长。

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中文摘要:

针对“ 中国目前在融入资本主义之际, `关系' 在社会关系中的作用下降” 一说, 文章指出必须从历史的角度将“ 关系” 视为一种由文化模式和资源形成的产物。“关系” 不断地适应——— 同时形塑——— 新的社会制度、社会结构和在全球化背景下的中国经验。文章并不认为“ 关系” 是一种固定不变和本质化的现象, 而最终会在新的法律制度和商业力量的冲击下而式微。相反, 如台湾和后社会主义俄罗斯的资本主义发展所显示的,“ 关系”发挥的作用有可能会在某些社会领域中下降, 但在商业贸易等其他领域中重新找到发展的“沃土” , 并以新的社会形式得到表达和展现。这种“ 关系” 研究的历史路径关注在中国内部社会秩序中和中外关系中的权力问题, 是一种对“` 关系' 下降” 论调背后隐藏的缺乏反思的实证主义方法论和现代化理论/叙事的目的论以及新自由主义话语的批判。

英文摘要:

In addressing claims that the ar t of guanxi is declining in China' s cur rent incorpo ration of capitalism , this article argues that guanxi must be treated historically as a reper toire of culture patterns and resources which are continuously transformed in their adaptation to , as well as shaping of , new social institution and structures , and by the par ticular Chinese ex perience with globalizatio n.The ar ticle takes issue with approaches which treat guanx i as a fixed essentialized phenomenon w hich can o nly wither away with the onslaug ht of new leg al and commercial regimes.Rather , as the examples of Taiwan and post-socialist Russia' s encounter with capitalism sugg est , guanxi practice may decline in some social domains, but find new area to flourish , such as business transaction , and display new social fo rms and expressions .This historical approach to guanx i, w hich is sensitive to issues of power bo th within the Chinese social order and between China and the West , is especially critical of the unreflective positivist methodo logy and the teleolog y of modernization theory/ narrative and neo-liberal discourse embedded in the argument for the decline of guanxi .

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