文章摘要

找回“面子” :下岗失业工人的自尊维持

Getting Back “Face” :Self-Esteem Maintenance among Laid-off Workers

DOI：

英文关键词: Laid-off w orkers Stigma Identity wo rk Self-esteem maintenance

基金项目:

作者	单位
李瑶	美国霍普金斯大学社会系博士侯选人

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中文摘要:

当一个社会群体面临社会地位的骤然跌落时, 其群体成员的自尊是否会随之受到影响, 怎样做可以保持对自我的积极评价? 文章通过阐述国有企业下岗失业工人——— 以前的“ 类中产阶级” , 现在的底层群体所使用的自尊维持策略, 试图对这一问题做出解答。文章的经验资料来源于与14 名下岗失业工人的深度访谈以及40 名下岗工人的二手访谈资料。在此基础上, 文章从3 个层面揭示了工人们为维护自尊所使用的各种策略, 包括群际层面上的社会比较和社会记忆, 群体内层面的群内比较和个体记忆, 以及人际层面上的信息控制、疏离、述说和职业修辞。文章认为, 在下岗失业后的不同阶段, 工人会侧重应用不同的策略来应对自尊面临威胁的状况;身处不同境遇的下岗失业工人对策略的使用也会存在着差别。文章最后提出了影响这些策略有效性的一些因素, 包括家庭支持与性别差异。

英文摘要:

How could a social group of people sustain their self-esteem when suffering a stark decline in status? This paper a ttempts to answer this question by elaborating strategies of self-esteem maintenance devised by laid-off and unemployed w orkers employed by the state-ow ned enterprises in the past , the fo rmer quasi-middle class and the current underclass. The data were collected from field wor k with in-depth interviews with fourteen laid-off wo rkers and seco nd-hand interview s with fo rty laid-off workers.A variety of strateg ies devised by these people to retain their dig nity are articulated, involving social comparison and social memo ry a t the interg roup level, intragroup comparison and perso nal memory at the intrag roup level , as w ell as information control, distancing , accounts and occupational rheto rics at the interpersonal level .In the last chapter , this thesis indicates that in different phases of post-layoff period , the wo rkers employ distinct techniques to cope with their threatened dig nity ;besides, it also points out diversity in strategy adoption among workers in different situations .Finally , the article put forw ard some factors affecting the strategy' s effectiveness, like family suppo rt and gender .

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