文章摘要

磕头的平等:生活层面的祖师爷信仰 ———兼论作为主观感受的民俗学

Equality of Kowtow :Grandfathers' Belief of Living———and Discussing Subjective Sensitive Folklore

DOI：

英文关键词: Popular relig ion Grandfather (Zushiye) Legend Bodily practices Equality Folklore

基金项目:

作者	单位
岳永逸	北京师范大学文学院民俗学与文化人类学研究所讲师, 博士

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中文摘要:

目前, 关于传统社会祖师爷信仰各种形式的记述不少, 但大多都失之于简略。半个世纪前, 刘佳崇璋的成果给我们提供了祖师爷调查及描述应该有的意识、方法与策略。新中国成立以前, 众多说唱行当的祖师爷周庄王的信仰说明:除了群体性的敬拜之外, 以磕头为基本动作的身体实践的祖师爷信仰还弥散于拜师、婚姻、表演、盘道、师徒关系等一个群体的日常生活体系之中。换言之, 祖师爷信仰不仅是外显的仪式, 它还是内化的, 是整体社会、特殊群体及其个体的思维符号, 是群体之间交流时用来表述自我及世界的方式;祖师爷不但是一个群体的“ 心态” 或者说“ 心性” , 它还隐喻了平等的观念、渴求以及相关的行为。由此观之, 作为“ 主观感受的民俗学”也就成为可能。

英文摘要:

Presently , there are many statements on g randfathers' belief of traditio nal society .However , most of them are too simple .Half of century ago , the survey of g randfather(Zushiye)of Liujia Chongzhang supplied the consciousness, methods and stra tegies w hich should exit in Grandfather' s inquiry .Before new China foundation, belief of Grandfather , Zhouzhuangwang , by many talking and singing secto rs indicate that besides g roup cult , belief of Grandfather based on kow tow rooting into daily living sy stems , such as acknow ledging a master , marriage , performance , identity censorship master and disciple .In o ther words , belief o f Grandfather is an ex plicit and implicit ritual , a thoug ht symbol of the entire society , special g roup and individual and a way of presenting oneself and wo rld in g roup communication .Grandfather seems like the `psycholog y' and ` nature of mind' of a group.I t also indicates the idea , expectation and behavior of equality .Hence, “subjective sensitive folklore” becomes possible .

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