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| 农业特性的社会学思考 |
| The Sociological Thinking on the Characters of Agriculture |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 农业 农业外部性 农业公共产品性 |
| 英文关键词: Ag riculture Agricultural ex ter nality Ag ricultural public goods |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 882 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 从自然科学角度看, 农业具有的地域性、季节性和周期性三个特点, 决定了农户经营是最适
合农业生产的组织形式;经济学的外部性理论, 指出农业具有产品贡献、就业贡献、社会安全保障和休闲
等功能。农业的外部性特征从某种意义上说明仅仅从经济学的角度认识农业已经受到限制。社会学从
产业结构和农业功能的角度理解农业, 认为其更多地体现为公共产品性。原因在于农业生产和农产品
具有其它产业所不具备的四个特性:农业产品的提供具有社会性;农业具有多功能性;农业产品消费的
必须性和非排他性。这就决定了国家对农业负有支持和保护的责任。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| From the point of view of natural science , area , season and period , the above three characters of ag riculture
determine tha t the farm household' s management is the most reasonable org aniza tio n fo rm , w hich is fit for ag ricultural
production.The ex ternality theo ry of economics points out that the ag ricultural functions include product offer , employment
offer , welfare guarantee and leisure .The externality character of agriculture show s that it w as limited to realize ag riculture
just from an economical standpoint in a sense .Sociology will comprehends agriculture f rom the point of view of industry
structure and agricultural functions, and it is considered that agriculture presents as a public product much more .
The reason is that agricultural productio n and products have four more characters than o ther industry , the necessity and
the nonexcludability of agricultural pro ducts consumption , the sociality of ag ricultural products supplements, and the multifunctionality
of ag riculture .And the above determined that the state is responsible for suppor ting and pro tecting ag riculture
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